Key points of the vessels´ voyage completion from the shipowners´ perspective
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Abstract
Stage control of a vessel’s voyage under a voyage charter agreement is of critical importance to the shipowner, both in terms of assessing the temporal para- meters of the vessel’s employment for cargo carriage and in ensuring proper fulfillment of contractual obligations within the scope of liability. The temporal characteristics of the voyage stages directly influence the financial relations between the contracting parties, including the payment of freight, demurrage revenues, dispatch costs, and related settlements. Transparent documentary recording of the voyage as a whole, as well as of its individual stages and operations, serves as an essential instrument of time and cost management and provides a reliable evidentiary basis for dispute resolution. From the shipowner’s perspective, the voyage of a sea-going vessel may be conceptualized as a complex production process, comprising the following stages: (1) ballast passage to the port of departure; (2) loading of cargo at the port of departure; (3) laden passage to the port of destination; and (4) unloading of cargo at the port of destination. The documentary initiation of a voyage is the conclusion of the voyage charter agreement, whereas the operational commencement begins with the vessel’s ballast passage (if applicable) and concludes with the issuance of a notice of departure from the port of discharge. This notice signifies the completion of contractual performance under the voyage charter and the release of the shipowner from corresponding obligations. Critical temporal points are identified at the junctures between successive stages, where the completion of one coincides with the commencement of the next. These points are documented in accordance with internationally recognized maritime practices. The causal and temporal interrelations of voyage stages were formalized through the application of temporal logic, the practical significance of which lies in monitoring the consistency and sequence of operations. The findings of this study may be of practical value to shipowners as a framework for planning, monitoring, and automating the management of voyages, charter contracts, and technical vessel maintenance.
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References
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