Analysis of the human element in the context of the development of marine autonomous surface vessels
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Abstract
The article presents a comprehensive analysis of the role of the human element in the context of the development of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ship (MASS), based on a systematic study of modern scientific publications and practical experience in the implementation of autonomous technologies in the maritime industry. The research is based on a multifactorial analysis of the interaction between humans and automated control systems, including the study of cognitive, psychological and ergonomic aspects of MASS operators. A detailed assessment of existing approaches to classifying the levels of autonomy of marine surface vessels and their impact on navigation safety is carried out, with a special focus on the peculiarities of the work of remote operators and onboard personnel. The paper presents an advanced analysis of statistical data on maritime accidents involving the human element and explores the mechanisms of risk transformation with increasing ship autonomy. Particular attention is paid to the problems of ensuring safety at different levels of autonomy, taking into account the potential risks of collisions, technical failures and cybersecurity threats. The study also covers a set of technological approaches aimed at minimizing the impact of the human element through the introduction of intelligent systems, improvement of adaptive control algorithms, and development of modern communication solutions. Based on the analysis, practical recommendations have been developed to improve personnel training systems, organize effective interaction between operators and automated control systems, and propose methodological approaches to assessing and minimizing risks during MASS operation. The results of the study can be used in the development of regulatory documents, educational programs and safety management systems in the maritime industry, as well as in the design of new generations of autonomous vessels and their control systems.
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References
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