Countering cybernetic attacks on marine transport

Abstract

Over the years, the number of cyber-attacks has been growing rapidly, resulting in large financial losses for businesses, as well as collateral damage to their business reputation. In this respect, the maritime sector, which has so far been considered safe due to the lack of stable internet connectivity and the isolation of ships at sea, is seeing a rapid increase in cybersecurity breaches in this area as it enters the digital age. A large number of cybersecurity issues at sea remain unexplored in depth. Therefore, our article provides a detailed study of countering cyber attacks on maritime transport in order to highlight security issues and challenges. The article discusses the systems equipped on ships that may be targeted by cybercriminals. Their possible vulnerabilities that can be exploited by an attacker, the consequences of accessing the system and actual incidents. The article also describes and analyses possible countermeasures that can be taken in advance to prevent such attacks. Finally, open issues for future research are discussed.